Essay on Comparison Between Pop Music and Classical Music

Classical Music versus Pop Music Classical music and popular music are both genres of music that have been in existence for a long time and listened to by the entire populace. Classical music is more complex and appeals to the older population while pop music appeals to the younger population. There are benefits associated with classical music and it is of general opinion that it requires more attention to details than pop music because of its complexity. It is a known fact that music is a form of art whose medium is sound. Its common elements are pitch, rhythm, and dynamics. Music helps in soothing ones disturbed soul and helps us to live life to the fullest; therefore, the aim of music is to touch the core of the heart.†¦show more content†¦It is not usually written, performed, and recorded as a symphony or concerto. The basic form for pop music is the song, which usually consists of verse and repeated chorus. (www.about.com/od/popmusic). However, classical music is a comp lex form of music, which requires high musical skills, and ability to coordinate with other musicians. The performance of classical music demands a significant level of technical mastery on the part of the musician, thorough understanding of tonal and harmonic principles, hence one has to go through proper training before learning this type of music. Today classical music has an elite patronage whereas pop music has more universal appeal. Usually classical music is often perceived as opulent, only appreciated by the upper class. Classical music mostly features in pop music forming background music for movies, television program, and advertisement. Because of this, many people unknowingly regularly listen to classical music. The appeal of pop music lies in its simple, energetic rhythm, appealing vocal lines, and its symbolic association with the plight of the underprivileged whereas classical music is a complex form of music requiring musical skills like learning the ragas and abilit y to coordinate with other musicians while maintaining the complex relationship between its emotional flows. (www.buzzle.com). Both classical and pop music in recent times have experimented with electronicShow MoreRelatedRelationship between Reducing Stress and Upbeat Music824 Words   |  3 PagesRelationship between reducing stress and upbeat (Pop) music This study examined the relationship between reducing stress and listening to upbeat (Pop) music. It was hypothesized that listening to upbeat (Pop) music would reduce stress and elicit happiness in the 420 female participants. Method Participants Four hundred and twenty women, ages 19 to 40 participated in the experiment. 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Russian History Questions Free Essays

Name _________________________________ Date __________ Period ___________ Researching Russia Directions: Using the reference materials (including but not limited to the Internet, almanacs, atlases, encyclopedias, and books), research the answers to the following questions. The Internet is a useful source but you should make use of other resources should it not be available! 1. On November 1, 1993, the parliament of the Russian Republic of the USSR granted Russian President ______________________ broad power to begin radical economic reforms. We will write a custom essay sample on Russian History Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. In 1991, the population of Russia was estimated at ________________________. 3. In the ninth century, Scandinavian chieftains established the first Russian state, centering it on ___________________ and Kiev. 4. When did Lenin die? _____________ How did he die? _____________________ 5. The ‘900-day siege’ of Leningrad lasted from June 1941 until January ___________. 6. When did Stalin die? ________ How old was he? _______ 7. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, massive Soviet military aid to __________________ helped assure communist victories throughout Southeast Asia. 8. Russia comprises over ________% of the total area of the former USSR and has ____________________ square miles, making it the largest country in the world. 9. What is the current life expectancy for Russian males? 10. The Russian monetary unit is the _________________. 11. The breed of cat known as the Russian blue is distinguished for its vivid ___________ colored eyes and the _____________ quality of its blue-gray coat. 12. Who is the author of War and Peace? 13. Who is the author of The Brothers Karamazov? 14. Which Russian author was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature for Doctor Zhivago but declined the prize? 5. Leningrad’s St. Isaac’s Cathedral on Decembrists’ Square was designed by French architect ______________________ and built between 1819 and 1858. 16. The _______________, or Russian wolfhound, was first imported into the United States in 1889. 17. In 1854, British poet Alfred Lord Tennyson made Balaklava famous in his poem _______________________ ________. 18. On January 22, 1904, George Melitonovich Balanchivadze was born in St. Petersburg, Russia. He gained a reputation for the foremost representative of neoclassicism ballet. His professional name was __________________________. 9. Russian physiologist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov is best known for what experiment? ____________________________________________________________ _________ 20. In 1910, Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova made her American debut with Russian dancer ______________________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City. 21. Which Russian chemist compiled the ‘periodic table of elements? ’ ______________________________________ 22. On what date was the Russian Sputnik I put into orbit? ______________________ 23. On what date was the Russian Sputnik II put into orbit? ______________________ 24. September 17, 1957, was the 100th anniversary of the birth of Russian rocket pioneer Konstantin E. _________________________. 25. On January 2, 1959, unmanned interplanetary flight was proved feasible when the Soviet Union’s Mechta entered into orbit around the sun. 26. The Volga River is ________ miles, or ________ kilometers long. 27. What was the name of the imperial family that ruled Russia from 1613 until 1917? _______________________________ 28. The age of romanticism in Russian literature is from the late _________ until the early 1840s. 29. Who wrote The Twelve (1918)? __________________ 0. During World War II, the Soviet Union and Finland fought each other in two wars. The ‘Winter War’ was from 1939 to __________________. The ‘Continuation War’ was from 1941 until ______________. Who lost both wars? 31. When did the Russo-Japanese War begin? ____________ 32. When did the Russo-Japanese War end? ___________ 33. Catherine the Great (1729-96) ru led Russia for _________ years. 34. In what year did construction of St. Basil’s Cathedral begin? 35. The breed of dog known as the borzoi originated in Russia in the 1600s. Its average weight is __________ to ___________ pounds. 36. When World War I broke out, Russian-born composer Igor Stravinsky settled in what country? _______________________ 37. In which direction would you travel if you drove from Tula to Moscow? __________ 38. The island Great Lyakhov is in the _____________ Sea. 39. Who wrote Boris? _____________________________ 40. The ‘900-day siege’ of Leningrad during World War II caused ____________ deaths. 41. Russia is ____________ times the size of the United States but has a population of less than _______% percent of the people in the United States as of 2000. 42. What is the per capita Russian income? _____________________ 43. What is the life expectancy for Russian females? _____________ 44. In 1967, the Soviet government produced a film adaptation of Leo Tolstoy’s War and Peace in commemoration of 50th anniversary of the Revolution. The Russian language version of the film ____ hours and _____. 45. ____________________ delivers gifts to Russian children on New Year’ s Eve. 46. In which direction would you travel if you drove from Moscow to St. Petersburg? __________________________ 47. The ________________ Mountains form a dividing line between Asia and Europe. 48. The _____________________ Strait separates Russia and Alaska. 49. Tsar Nicholas II was married to the granddaughter of Queen _____________ of England. 50. Name the son of Tsar Nicholas who suffered from hemophilia. _______________ 51. Twenty-three of the _________________ volcanoes on Kamchatka Peninsula are active. 52. The Caucasus Mountains are composed of limestone and ______________ rocks with some volcanic formations. 53. The Caspian Sea has a surface area of about ________________ square miles. 54. In December, Moscow averages _______________ days with overcast skies. 5. St. Isaac’s Cathedral is located on ______________ Prospect, a famous thoroughfare in Leningrad. 56. In the late 1980s, the population density of the USSR was _______ persons per square mile. 57. In the mid-1980s, the population density of the USSR was _______ persons per square mile. 58. The State _______________ Museum in Leningrad is considered to be one of the world’s great museums. 59. Valent ina V. ___________ was the first woman to orbit the earth. 60. The ___________________ Railroad runs north of the Trans-Siberian Railroad. USS How to cite Russian History Questions, Papers

Strategic Management Journal of Business Strategy - Finance Management

Question: Describe about the Strategic Management for Journal of Finance. Answer: Introduction Strategic Management refers to the strategy that the business or the corporate adopts in the organizations or business firms. Strategic management is often concerned to the senior management who are responsible for the success as well failure of the organization (Gaughan 2013). Moreover, different firms have different choices to restructure the strategic choices in the organization. Although, strategic management is grounded is grounded in practice and provides strategic direction to the organizations. However, strategic management is only achieved in well organized organizations (Hill, Jones and Schilling 2014). An organization which has diversified itself globally acquires the need to get restructured in various dimensions. However, restructuring itself can be based on corporate actions like refocusing, repurchasing, alliances, consolidations as well as leveraged capitalizations (Eckbo and Thornburn 2013). On the other hand, restructuring provides opportunities that can help an organization to restore its value through diffusing excess diversification. Restructuring even possess some issues that needs to be well accepted in propositions while adopting any control and effect measure. In other words, according to Soni (2016), restructuring is the process of redesigning aspects in the organization that are implemented due to number of factors like adverse economic climate, competitive nature and new direction for the corporation. It is basically done to attain new markets as well as greater efficiency. However, the three broad types of restructuring are organization and management restructuring, financial restructuring and portfolio and asset restructuring. Figure: Broad Types of Restructuring Source: (Hallinger, Murphy and Hausman 2013) Conversely, the three broad types of restructuring are provided based on the expansion, contraction, corporate control and change in ownership. Forms of Restructuring 1. Merger or Amalgamation The merger or amalgamation is the restructuring two organizations/ business in the form acquiring a new company such that asset6s and liabilities of the merging companies becomes one (Bena ad Li 2014). Moreover, mergers can be further divided in the two forms of mergers that can be done either done by absorption or consolidation to enhance the long term profitability by expanding the operations. By Absorption Absorption can be explained when two or more companies merges with one existing company. This can be explained by Billabong International Limited, one of the Australian Listed Company that acquired other small firms like Von Zipper and Element (Mules 2014). By Consolidation On the other hand, consolidation is the form of merger that combine on or two companies to become one new company. Here, the assets and liabilities of two companies are exchanges in the forms of cash or shares. One example that can define such companies is from India that is merger of Hindustan Computers Limited, Hindustan Instruments Limited, Reprographics Limited and Indian Software Company Limited into a new company named by HCL Limited (Hellstrm, Liu and Sjgren, 2016). Furthermore, mergers can be of three types namely that is vertical merger, horizontal merger, concentric merger and conglomerate merger. Figure: Types of Mergers Source: (Brueller, Carmeli and Drori 2014) 2. Acquisition and Takeover On the other hand, acquisition is buying controlling such that 100% interest is developed in another firm with the intention of acquiring the other firm within its desired portfolio whereas takeover is a particular type of strategy that does not ask for the buying firms proposal. However, Takeovers hold half of the nominal value of the equity such that they are only able to retain their legal entities and maintain separate books of accounts (Gaughan 2013). Conversely, takeovers are considered hostile even when it is undesired and unexpected by the target firm. All the more, tender offers are the formal offers that are used in takeovers for direct approach with and without negotiations. Moreover, with negotiations is done when the acquiring company directly approaches the target company through means of shareholders by means of tender offer whereas tender offer without negotiations is used for hostile takeovers (Carline, Linn and Yadav 2014). This can be further elaborated by the merger of TATA Tea of CLL (Consolidated Coffee Limited) where 50% of shareholders sold the shareholding to TATA Tea at the offered price is the example of tender offer. The basic reasons for acquisitions are to overcome the entry barriers to speed up the cost of new product. The other reasons could be increased diversification, reshaping of competitive advantage as well as developing new capabilities. The following figure explains the reason as well as the problems in achieving success : (Vazirani 2015). Figure: Acquisitions Source: (Vazirani 2015) 3. Divestiture (Asset Acquisition) The asset acquisition or divestiture is the form of selling of the assets or acquiring effective control over assets, cash for securities by another company without any piecemeal manner. However, it is done to mobilize resources, unlocking value, selling cash cows and for a strategic change without any combination of businesses or companies. Moreover, both kinds of assets can be acquired tangible assets like manufacturing units as well as intangible assets like brands, etc (Jung, Aguilera and Goyer, 2015). Example can be of HLL that buys the brands of Lakme in India. 4. Strategic Alliance The strategic alliance of the corporations can be acquired through Joint ventures and Demergers Joint Ventures are the agreement between the two companies to develop new assets that can contribute to equity followed by enterprise and consequent assets and revenues for a finite time. The famous joint venture example in Australia is combination of Yahoo Channel with Channel 7 (Attruia, 2015). On the other hand, demergers are further divided into three types namely Spin Offs, Sell Offs and Split Offs Sell off is the usual practice of selling out a part of the business that is unprofitable part that could drain resources to a third party. Secondly, Spin Offs are new companies created that are created from single entities. Moreover, spin offs leads to no change in ownership and shareholders holds shares in two different companies. Thirdly, split offs involves the divisions in the parent company itself such that two companies are formed that exists even after the company goes for mergers and acquisitions (Bergh and Sharp 2015). 5. Restructuring Strategies The restructuring strategies are applied when the organization even changes its business or finance structure which can be broadly divided into three types namely downsizing, downscoping and leveraged buyouts (LBO). Restructuring efforts is either by reducing diversification (downscoping) or reducing the size of the workforce (downsizing) which is performed in the acquisition of new businesses (Hitt et al. 2012). Downsizing As per the research in Fortune, it is said that downsizing strategy has been applied by 85% of the firms from 1000 firms in 2002-2003. Downsizing is the paramount activity downsizes itself to remain in business during the session of loss of revenue. Hence, most companies will either close product lines and close departments or sell activities and lay off managers to still be in business. That may or may not change the companys portfolio Change Incentives Changing Incentives is possibly done to create longer managerial time horizons for division managers. This risk is adopted to diminish the managerial risk aversion by reducing business portfolio in a set of stable as well as mature business in which financial controls are appropriate and involve less innovation. However, this business scenario does not solve the competitiveness problem but it diminishes information processing of executives by focusing in set of unrelated rather mature activities. However, to reduce this problem, incentives should be derived in a way that motivates the executives in taking risks by operating on their own interest as incentive system is linked to performance evaluation of strategic actions (Milidonis and Stathopoulos 2014). Downscoping On the other hand, with help of downscoping businesses can make narrow span of control to reassert the strategic control and emphasize resources as well as strengths. However, downscoping allows more of incentives as well as governance. He financial risk in such strategic strategies reduces the financial risk and leads to debt deduction with the willingness to accept the risk of innovation strategies. Downscoping can be used as a strict sense of term where reduced bureaucratic control may result in market retreat and may involve the rehain its strategic control. Nevertheless, it leads to loss of critical employees because now the retention has been through voluntary programs (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2012). On the contrary, downscoping is considered to be more beneficial than downsizing as its emphasis on restructuring. Moreover, Marriotts disinvestments of restaurants, exit from foods from American Brands, General Mills withdrawal from retailing as well as Allegis sale of car rental and hotel business are the examples that had lead to downscoping strategy being more successful (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2012). Leveraged Buy Outs It is a form of acquisition in the company that is majorly financed through debt such that when the managers of the companies buys the company from the owners that is shareholders of the company then it known as management buy-out. It is then evaluated by the discounted cash flow method and the firms who target LBOs are high market share and growth firms. High debt capacity and liquidity firm, low operating risk firms and high profit potential firms (Hitt et al. 2012). Errors to Avoid while Restructuring The following errors need to be avoided while restructuring strategies or organization structure. Firstly the company should avoid integration difficulties, larger or extraordinary debts should be avoided. The problems even lead to problems of synergies that exceeds the value of units working independently. The private synergy of combining and integrating the assets with the other company may cause the acquisition to downsize. Too much diversification will lower the incentive level. Although, acquisition leads to change of attitude towards the firms that increases their expectations by leading to following: Additional costs increases the benefits of economies of scale that leads to additional market power but may eventually lead to drop in profits later, once the costs are only increasing. The innovation and diversification may be hampered The large market power firms will lead to bureaucratic controls. However, the formalized controls adopted may lead to rigid and standardized managerial attitude and behaviour (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2012). Conclusion Corporate restructuring based on ownership and strategy can lead to elements that not only lead to positive but as well as negative changes that can hamper effectiveness and performance of the organization. The basic aim lies in the amalgamation of strategy as well as structure that introduces changes in the performance as well as structural parameters of the company so the entity can drive to be enlisted in the profit making companies. References Attruia, R.M., 2015. The creation of shareholder value through spin-offs: the xase of Yahoo. Bena, J. and Li, K., 2014. Corporate innovations and mergers and acquisitions.The Journal of Finance,69(5), pp.1923-1960. Bergh, D.D. and Sharp, B.M., 2015. How far do owners reach into the divestiture process? Blockholders and the choice between spin-off and sell-off.Journal of Management,41(4), pp.1155-1183. Brueller, N.N., Carmeli, A. and Drori, I., 2014. How do different types of mergers and acquisitions facilitate strategic agility?.California Management Review,56(3), pp.39-57. Carline, N.F., Linn, S.C. and Yadav, P.K., 2014, March. Corporate governance and the nature of takeover resistance. InAmerican Finance Association Meetings Working Paper. Eckbo, B.E. and Thorburn, K.S., 2013. Corporate restructuring.Foundations and Trends in Finance, Forthcoming. Gaughan, P.A., 2013.Maximizing Corporate Value Through Mergers and Acquisitions: A Strategic Growth Guide. John Wiley Sons. Hallinger, P., Murphy, J. and Hausman, C., 2013. Conceptualizing school restructuring.School-based management and school effectiveness, p.22. Hellstrm, J., Liu, Y. and Sjgren, T., 2016. Stock exchange mergers and weak-form information efficiency: Evidence from the OMX Nordic and Baltic consolidation. Hill, C., Jones, G. and Schilling, M., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hitt, M., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R., 2012.Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Hitt, M.A., King, D., Krishnan, H., Makri, M., SCHIIVEN, M., Shimizu, K. and Zhu, H., 2012. Creating value through mergers and acquisitions.The Handbook of Mergers and Acquisitions, p.71. Jung, D.K., Aguilera, R. and Goyer, M., 2015. Institutions and preferences in settings of causal complexity: foreign institutional investors and corporate restructuring practices in France.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,26(16), pp.2062-2086. Milidonis, A. and Stathopoulos, K., 2014. Managerial Incentives, Risk Aversion, and Debt.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,49(02), pp.453-481. Mules, R., 2014. Exporting for success: How small and large businesses negotiate the task. Soni, Y.P., 2016.Organizational Restructuring. Xlibris Corporation. Vazirani, N., 2015. A Literature Review on Mergers and Acquisitions Waves and Theories.SIES Journal of Management,11(1).

Network Expansion free essay sample

Kathy Kudler has operated between each store, and there has been no one location to call home for a main or corporate office. A central server location will enhance her operation by pulling not only all her store locations, employees outside the store environment. A new IT department and a new management office will also open as Kathy Kudler’s new home base. This also means connecting those departments to other services or locations that will not be at the main location but remain at the store level. Each stores local office will remain open. Kudler Fine Foods will be expanding and so the ground work must be prepared. Communication protocols and standards are required for any business or company in need of order in their network. Standards and protocols work hand-in-hand and provide a set of rules at communication end-points and specify interactions between communications points. As each part of the network process has their own standards and protocols, specific descriptions will be detailed with each process or hardware depiction. We will write a custom essay sample on Network Expansion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A larger upgradable network with a separate location to house servers, and includes an IT department and a management operations department, will be located behind the La Jolla store. This existing structure is owned by Kudler Fine Foods and all the current tenants have moved and no leases were renewed. Now this space will serve as the new main or corporate office and Kathy Kudler’s new home base. Kathy chose La Jolla for its central location and office space behind this store. There are many types of networks for different types of industry. PSTN would not be a good choice for Kudler Fine Foods because this business is too large and PSTN along with ISDN would not be viable choices. ISDN is a type of PSTN currently only used in Europe. A WAN Cloud with specific specifications has the perfect list of ingredients for a reliable network. Current Network Detail La Jolla Store POS Server (X1-Novell 4. 11) POS PII Win9x (X4 PC Work Stations) UPS Standalone (X1) PII 64mg RAM Win 9x w/Office 97 (Server) XLS Inventory Spreadsheet, External CD Bruner (X1 PC) Bubble JET Printer. PII w NT Server, IIS4 Winfax Pro Built in modem and CD ROM reader (X1 PC) 56k Modem (X1) Internet – Connected Del Mar Store POS Server (X1-Novell 4. 11) POS PII Win9x (X4 POS Work Stations) UPS Standalone (X1) PII 64mg RAM Win 9x w/Office 97 (Server) XLS Inventory Spreadsheet, External CD Bruner (X1 PC), bubble JET Printer. PII w NT Server, IIS4 Winfax Pro Built in modem and CD ROM reader (X1 PC) 56k Modem (X1) Internet – Connected Encinitas Store POS Server (X1-Novell 4. 11) POS PII Win9x (X4 PC Work Stations) UPS Standalone (X1) 56k Modem (X1) Internet – Connected The current specifications above are an inventory of what Kudler Fine Foods is using today. The first area we looked at was a weak Internet connection. Once this feature is brought to Standard, the possibilities are actually endless. Encinitas store has not been upgraded to support its growing need. This will also be a part of the network upgrades and system renovations. Proposed Network Elements The hardware and software are needed to secure an easily developable network and be protected against electronic threats. Juniper Developer Networks was chosen to be the new network hardware supplier. I will be proposing the use of frame relay for dedicated connections between each store and the new main office, behind and attached to the La Jolla store. All three stores will have one connection each to this main hub. The company inventory server located at the Del Mar store will be online and accessible to every store location along with every POS terminals in every store so that inventory is live. All store locations will have password security so that every employee transactions are recorded no matter if they are in the store or the corporate office. Product Description Juniper Networks SSG, ISG appliances will supply Kudler Fine Foods with the new Juniper Network is open and set apart by original functions. Juniper Networks ® Junos ® Software Development Kit (SDK) is used to develop all the applications within the new Juniper Network. This will operate on the network device layer in the Junos OS platform [1]. The Junos OS will enhance any applications by running them on the services planes directly in the system is connected to the network. The APIs exposed in Junos SDK let applications use the network and its traffic in exciting and original ways. This OS can be unified across the entire Juniper routing, switching, and security portfolio [1]. JDK further evolves Junos network operating system into a platform whose popularity can be used by application developers. A trusted platform is crucial. The Junos SDK enhances the strength and protection and network programmability and smarter functions for the networks users. Also included are the Routing Engine SDK APIs and tools to build the applications that handle the control plane software in the routing engines. These engines are internal and ready to deploy and therefore do not need to be added separately. User applications are already included as this network was built for small and medium size companies and Kudler Fine Foods qualifies as the perfect company in need of this organized and efficient network [1]. [pic] Current Network Topology Kudler Fine Foods has a network in need of a broader connectivity and upgraded to a smarter way of doing business. All departments will be interconnected and have direct access as pertains to their need. This will help the employees operate with more automation and ease. Store location managers do their own ordering directly with local supply companies and Kathy Kudler takes care of unique, capital or repair items. Kudler Fine Foods Database, Accounting, Human Resources, Operations, Sales and Marketing, Finance and Accounting, Administration, including each store location, are not interconnected to each other. Making Kudler Fine Foods a comprehensively connected company will be simpler as future growth has been forecast so that future needs will be clear and the beginnings of a good start in that direction. Designating a â€Å"Home Base† for new servers is important in the beginning during research. Any other spaces or room that will be a need with any network growth is always scouted out in the beginning phases of any new project. The design will accommodate any possible future expansion. Kudler Fine Foods’ specific request to be ready for growth is always in the forefront of this project. Each store is run and operated within their own locations and has five departments. Those consist of Bakery, Meats, Produce, Cheese and Diary, and Wine. The POS system in place for all three stores helps track inventory, purchasing and sales. Smith Systems Consulting, who is contracted by Kudler Fine Foods, chose, installed and maintains the Retail Enterprise Management System. More research will to be done to determine the needs within the company network for this contractor. Applicable Standards. Security standards are addressed specifically under Network Security but also under the Applicable Standards section of this project and where ever else security is, to clarify any needs or restrictions that should be addressed for that section. When a network grows it is imperative that customer information is protected. Employees will also have security guidelines to operate by and adhere to secure measures in place. Ongoing updates are distributed and learned. A complete section on all types of security precautions for in-company data, protection, and log-ins will be addressed. Decision-making protocols will also be created for any new and current procedures to ensure that all locations go by the same company practices. Most important, it is necessary to make certain the fortification, veracity, and dependability of all company information, including research, monetary, private, operational, confidential data, or anything belonging to Kudler Fine Foods. IT is responsible for the care of all equipment handling and ensures no misuse. Standards related to networks are basic rules that commissions govern. This is so in the case of computer hardware and software of any kind. No matter the brand or type, standards help ensure that most hardware and computers operate the same so they can effectively communicate with one another. Kudler Fine Foods IT department will be a part of the changes requested for better optimization. An external WAN will be set up to bring all three store locations together. Then a WLAN connection will be set up within each store location. A VOIP will also be incorporated into the multi-store network. The network will also be expandable for future locations and growth. Network standards are also ground rules set by commissions so that hardware is compatible among similar computers and assures interoperability. This is done so that there is compatibility between vendors. It is necessary to have network standards and protocols as they are what allow any brand to communicate with each other. Network Architecture Junosphere does not support the Serial or POS interfaces. In order for this to work all of the links have to be migrated to Gigabit Ethernet and a point-to-point GE link between all of the stores and the main server location. Next is the layer configuration with core interfaces and loopback with IS-IS-related and will have multiple routing instances for each routing protocol. The merging of routes from multiple routing instances will have proper import and export policies. Any configurations needed, can be done with protocols ISIS configuration block. For all of this to function, the Family ISO must be enabled on the interfaces on which you want IS-IS to run. This is data-plane configuration and is a must for this to work correctly. After this is done, L1, L2, L3 and L4 will work and connection can be established between all routers in this network. [pic] [pic] Traffic Analysis Traffic analysis is for any inbound messages as it tracks abnormalities. Deflects bad things from getting into the network and is a type of security for the network. Even if a message is encrypted, this type of analysis sees abnormality patterns. Patterns tell what behaviors are happening. This type of analysis tells what times are the busiest or if someone is trying to get into the network for whatever reason. The translation of latency, response time or packet loss and jitter are all pertinent value meters that understand and determine the value of a network. Then any future determinations can be used for future network growth. Performance is key and so this type of analysis is valuable. A company has to determine how they will interact with vendors outside the company, what employees in the corporate office have access to and POS access for store employees. There are many questions and investigative research that has to occur for proper set up of any network changes. All systems need to be monitored to prevent any security disasters. Volume versus Reliability Measuring traffic flows is another marker looked at so that not only will traffic is moving at a â€Å"normal† speed and calculates high traffic times and low traffic times. Downtimes are caught and error data is gathered. There are two important types of traffic analysis that should be done, one is specific security assaults on the network and next is customer traffic and accessibility. Firewalls are also inside the modems for extra protection. This protects from attacks from viruses and hacking. Human resources, accounting, and the customer database are all important reasons to have all the best security in place. The customer database is the most important in keep customers coming back because they know when a purchase is made at any store location that all security protection is used. Data Rates I have included a diagram showing the highest data rates in Mbps for Ethernet and WiFi equipment values. For these values, no one ever achieves that rate and will only get up to 50% of that value. This is due to network, software and hardware costs [1]. [pic] Network Availability Network up time is key for all the store locations POS systems. This system can work when offline and stores data for any down time. The main WAN cloud has more than a few options to keep connected for each connection type. Proposed WAN Cloud with ATM and FRAME capabilities with MPLS and SONNET/SDH. This will cover all of this business connection requirements. This secures that data will be held until a line of communication is done. This ensures there is almost no data loss. Centralized computer systems are acceptable for a company that has one or more office centrally located. Distributed systems are good and can be connected to a centralized system. Not only is need considered but physical anomalies are abundant. Compatibility Junosphere does not support the Serial or POS interfaces. In order for this to work all of the links have to be migrated to Gigabit Ethernet and a point-to-point GE link between all of the stores and the main server location. Next is the layer configuration with core interfaces and loopback with IS-IS-related and will have multiple routing instances for each routing protocol. The merging of routes from multiple routing instances will have proper import and export policies. Any configurations needed can be done with protocols is-is configuration block. For all of this to function, the Family ISO must be enabled on the interfaces on which you want IS-IS to run. This is data-plane configuration and is a must for this to work correctly. After this is done, L1, L2, L3 and L4 will work and connection can be established between all routers in this network. Wide Area Networks LAN is a local area network that can be set up within a company. This type of connection connects all employees can communicate quickly and easily with each other. Although Kudler Fine Foods operated with this type of connection internally within each store and, the speed was very fast, a more elaborate network set up was needed. There were only bits and pieces that need to be brought together to make a more secure network with the ability to grow and optimize its network performance communications and therefore the business will be able to grow without any hindrances [1,3]. WAN is a wide area network that will be set up for KFF. This is a better set up to use with the size network that will be installed at the KFF La Jolla store. There is a small two story building behind the La Jolla location of Kudler Fine Foods that will serve as the main location for Central Services where the new IT department will be housed. Office will be built out to accommodate an IT department and regular office area for the corporate/main office employees. This wide area network will connect the La Jolla, Del Mar, and Encinitas offices to the main hub at the La Jolla corporate/main office [1,3]. WLAN is a wide local area network that each KFF store location. This connection will be used to conned to the main WAN for any kind of communication needed [1,3]. [pic] Concepts and Building Blocks Today’s data communication networks, such as switches, routers, and cabling. Switches LAN switches are low cost and have amplified bandwidth for all end users. There are several ports that can be utilized and since this is a dedicated channel, every user has a larger bandwidth to operate with. All of the new connections with in KFF will have internal bandwidth protocols set for each stores particular need [2]. Router Routers are used to make smaller networks into bigger networks. Routers are also used to route data such as packets toward multi-output trails. This device operates on layer 3 as it reads network addresses and detects the connection point at the other end. This intern, cuts down on broadcasting squall and does not proliferate them. Routers also act as firewalls in LANS and thus are associated with traffic filtering and isolation. This means that routers make forwarding decisions and also decides what paths it wants to disable in the process. Routers may select the path but not the speed. Outbound and inbound hardware will dictate the speed and use the quickest speed between the two. Routers and modem routers support protocols but modem routers can support multiple and some just one and each one has its own internal routing table [2]. Cabling The subsequent cable types listed are what is available and is noted in ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-A: Category 1 Cat 1 cable is intended for tone of voice only but with new technologies, extended array Ethernet and DSL can move at 10MPps and quicker. Category 2 Cat 2 cable houses up to 4Mbps and is related with token-ring LANs. Category 3

This essay outlines several classic greek and roman inventions that have influenced our lives today. It clearly shows the invention and then explains how it has affected daily life.

This essay outlines several classic greek and roman inventions that have influenced our lives today. It clearly shows the invention and then explains how it has affected daily life. Both Greek and Roman influences have had a major impact on the world today. For instance, the Olympics have survived to this day and even retain much of its former meaning of peace. Another important invention is the calendar; the modern calendar is based upon the Roman version. Even our military uses inventions from Greek times. Greek fire has inspired the creation of petroleum bombs and napalm weaponry, and spurred the terrorist favorite of psychological warfare.The Olympics represent the height of sports competition in which athletes train for their entire lives in order to win. While the competitive drive of today's athletes is no less than that of the Greeks, today's Olympics are much less violent. In ancient Greece, instead of using boxing gloves, leather was strapped to the opponents' hands, leaving the fingers free and adding a sting to the punch. These sports represent the constant training people underwent to hone their bodies to physical perfection and pit their abilities in a man vs.Olympics 242man competition where only the best would win. Today's Olympics are more team oriented, and the success of the team depends on everyone's physical conditioning and skill as opposed to ancient Greece, where the games were more individualized. Despite the physical violence involved in ancient Greek Olympics, the games promoted peace. In Greek times the entire old world would cease war to participate in the Olympics. Today, while the games are less violent, the meaning of peace is not as strong. For example, the Olympics were cancelled for World War II. However, the meaning of peace is not totally lost, as is apparent in North and South Korea's unification for the games.Romans concocted one extremely important invention that is still in use today, the calendar. The Roman calendar was almost completely accurate,

Advance Paper 2

The CSSA accepts no liability for any reliance use or purpose related to these ‘Trial’ question papers. Advice on HSC examination issues is only to be obtained from the NSW Board of Studies. 5400-1 Section I – Module A: Comparative Study of Texts and Context 20 marks Attempt either Question 1 or Question 2 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: †¢ demonstrate understanding of the meanings of a pair of texts when considered together †¢ evaluate the relationships between texts and contexts †¢ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and form Question 1 – Elective 1: Exploring Connections (20 marks) To what extent are texts enriched through their connection with other texts? Respond to this question in relation to the pair of prescribed texts that you have studied. The prescribed texts are: †¢ Shakespearean Drama and Film – William Shakespeare, King Richard III AND – Al Pacino, Lookingfor Richard †¢ Prose Fiction and Poetry – Patrick White, The Aunt’s Story AND – Rosemary Dobson, Selected Poems * Young Girl at a Window * Chance Met * Landscape in Italy * Azay-Le-Rideau * The Rape of Europa * Romantic * Primitive Painters Question 1 continues on page 3 Question 1 (continued) †¢ Prose Fiction and Nonfiction * Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice AND * Fay Weldon, Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen †¢ Poetry and Drama * * * * * * * * * * John Donne, Selected Poetry Death be not proud This is my playes last scene At the round earths imagin ‘d corners blow If poisonous minerals Hymne to God my God, in my sicknesse A Valediction: forbidding mourning The Apparition TheRelique The Sunne Rising AND * Margaret Edson, W;t End of Question 1 In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: †¢ demonstrate understanding of the meanings of a pair of texts when considered together †¢ evaluate the relationships between texts and contexts †¢ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and form Question 2 – Elective 2: Texts in Time (20 marks) Compare the ways in which texts offer insights into the human experience. Respond to this statement in relation to the pair of prescribed texts that you have studied. The prescribed texts are: †¢ Prose Fiction and Film – Mary Shelley, Frankenstein AND – Ridley Scott, Blade Runner (Director’s Cut) †¢ Prose Fiction and Poetry – F Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby AND – Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Aurora Leigh and Other Poems – Sonnets I, XIII, XIV, XXI, XXII, XXVIII, XXXII, XLIII †¢ Drama and Nonfiction – Edward Albee, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf AND – Virginia Woolf, A Room of One’s Own Section II – Module B: Critical Study of Texts 0 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 3-7 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: †¢ demonstrate an informed understanding of the ideas expressed in the text †¢ evaluate the text’s language, content and construction †¢ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, pu rpose and form Question 3 – Shakespearean Drama (20 marks) How is your personal response to Hamlet shaped by the interaction of characters in the play? William Shakespeare, Hamlet Question 4 – Prose Fiction (20 marks) (a) How is your personal response to In the Skin of a Lion shaped by the interaction of characters in the novel? Michael Ondaatje, In the Skin of a Lion OR (b) How is your personal response to Cloudstreet shaped by the interaction of characters in the novel? — Tim Winton, Cloudstreet OR (c) How is your personal response to Sixty Lights shaped by the interaction of characters in the novel? Gail Jones, Sixty Lights OR (d) How is your personal response to Jane Eyre shaped by the interaction of characters in the novel? Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre Please turn over In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: †¢ demonstrate an informed understanding of the ideas expressed in the text †¢ evaluate the text’s language, content and construction †¢ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and form Question 5 – Drama or Film (20 marks) (a) How is your personal response to A Doll’s House shaped by the interaction of characters in the play? Henrik Ibsen, A Doll’s House OR b) How is your personal response to Citizen Kane shaped by the interaction of characters in the film? Orson Welles, Citizen Kane Question 6 – Poetry (20 marks) (a) How is your personal response to the poetry of Yeats shaped by a perception of voice in the poems? In your answer, refer to THREE of the poems set for study. The prescribed poems are: William Butler Yeats, WB Yeats: Poems selected by Seamus Heaney * An Irish Airman * When You Are Old * Among School Children * The Wild Swans at Coole * Leda and the Swan * The Second Coming * Easter 1916 OR Question 6 continues on page 7 6 Question 6 (continued) (b) How is your personal response to the poetry of Harwood shaped by a perception of voice in the poems? In your answer, refer to THREE of the poems set for study. The prescribed poems are: Gwen Harwood, Selected Poems * Father and Child (Parts I II) * The Violets * At Mornington * A Valediction * Triste Triste * The Sharpness of Death * Mother Who Gave me Life OR (c) How is your personal response to the poetry of Slessor shaped by a perception of voice in the poems? In your answer, refer to THREE of the poems set for study. The prescribed poems are: Kenneth Slessor, Selected Poems * Out of Time * Five Bells * Sleep * Five Visions of Captain Cook * Sensuality * Elegy in a Botanical Garden * Beach Burial End of Question 6 In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: †¢ demonstrate an informed understanding of the ideas expressed in the text †¢ evaluate the text’s language, content and construction †¢ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and form Question 7 – Nonfiction (20 marks) (a) How is your personal response to Orwell’s essays shaped by a perception of voice in these texts? In your answer, refer to THREE of the essays set for study. * George Orwell, George Orwell: Essays The prescribed essays are: * Why I Write * Notes on Nationalism * Good Bad Books * The Sporting Spirit * Politics and the English Language * Writers and Leviathan OR (b) How is your personal response to speeches shaped by a perception of the passion of the speaker? In your answer, refer to THREE of the speeches set for study * Speeches The prescribed speeches are: * Margaret Atwood – Spotty-Handed Villainesses, 1994 * Paul Keating – Funeral Service of the Unknown Australian Soldier, 1993 * Noel Pearson -An Australian History for Us All, 1996 * Aung San Suu Kyi – Keynote Address at the Beijing World Conference on Women, 1995 * Faith Bandler -Faith, Hope and Reconciliation, 1999 * Deane, William – It is Still Winter at Home, 1999 * Anwar Sadat – Speech to the Israeli Knesset, 1977 BLANK PAGE Please turn over Section III – Module C: Representation and Text 20 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 8-9 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: †¢ demonstrate understanding of and evaluate the relationship between representation and meaning †¢ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and form Question 8 – Elective 1: Conflicting Perspectives (20 marks) You are speaking to an audience of your peers. Compose a speech in which you demonstrate how your understanding of conflicting perspectives is shaped by the construction of the texts. In your response, refer to your prescribed text and TWO texts of your own choosing. The prescribed texts are: †¢ †¢ †¢ Shakespearean Drama Prose Fiction Drama or Film – William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar – David Guterson, Snow Falling on Cedars – Peter Whelan, The Herbal Bed OR — Barry Levinson, Wag the Dog †¢ Poetry – Ted Hughes, Birthday Letters * Fulbright Scholars * The Shot * The Minotaur * Sam * Your Paris * Red — Geoffrey Robertson, The Justice Game * The Trials ofOz * Michael X on Death Row * ‘The Romans in Britain’ * The Prisoner of Venda Nonfiction * Show Trials * Diana in the Dock: Does Privacy Matter? * Afterword: The Justice Game 10 Question 9 – Elective 2: History and Memory (20 marks) You are speaking to an audience of your peers. Compose a speech in which you demonstrate how your understanding of the interplay between history and memory is shaped by the construction of the texts. In your response, refer to your prescribed text and TWO texts of your own choosing. The prescribed texts are: †¢ Prose Fiction – Maxine Hong Kingston, The Woman Warrior: Memoirs, of a Girlhood Among Ghosts OR – Peter Carey, The True History of the Kelly Gang †¢ †¢ Film Poetry – Stephen Frears, The Queen – Denise Levertov, Selected Poems * Ways of Conquest * Don’t You Hear That Whistle Blowin’†¦ * In Thai Binh (Peace) Province * A Time Past * Libation * A Letter to Marek About a Photograph * The Pilots †¢ Nonfiction or Multimedia – Mark Raphael Baker, The Fiftieth Gate OR Smithsonian National Museum of American History September 11 website End of paper 11 EXAMINERS Pamela Nutt (Convenor) Catherine Anderson Tanya Appleby Nicole Archard Darren Barker Lorna Ciesiolka Marian Henry Katherina Lathouras Alistair Symons PLC Sydney, Croydon St Patrick’s College, Strathfield Tara Anglican School for Girls, Nth Parramatta Kincoppal-Rose Bay, School of the Sacred Heart OLMC, Parramatta Educational C onsultant Marist College, Pagewood Knox Grammar School, Wahroonga Mount St Joseph, Milperra 12

Data Collection for Subprime Mortgages for a dissertation Essay

Data Collection for Subprime Mortgages for a dissertation - Essay Example nal Bureau of Economic Research, describing the large scale impact caused by the financial market crisis in the year 2007, which was by far the largest financial shock since the Great Depression. The magnitude of the crisis could be comprehended by the widespread damage caused on the markets as well as other financial institutions which were the core of the financial system. Information about various aspects of subprime mortgage such as meaning & definition, the developments in sub prime financing for understanding various factors behind sudden substantial deterioration in subprime markets and its extensive impact on the broader financial markets, effect of widespread distribution of exposure to subprime debt on the financial markets, behavior of subprime borrowers in relation to loans with high default rates, etc could be found in the annual report published by The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (2007). This report could be accessed from (http://www.frbsf.org/publications/federalreserve/annual/2007/subprime.pdf) The report on â€Å"Analysis of Subprime Mortgage Servicing Performance† (Feb, 2008) by the State Foreclosure Prevention Group also contains vital information on servicers of subprime mortgage loans, description on the State Working Group, as well as key findings on issues such as loss mitigation option in case of delinquent borrowers, increase in use of loan modifications and other home retention options by servicers, payment resets on hybrid ARMs, state of the refinance options etc. This report could be accessed from: Primary sources of data collection or interviews would not be a feasible option in this case since the sheer magnitude and quantity of the data required for this type of research would make data collection from primary sources extremely time consuming and expensive. Moreover, primary sources of data collection would not be able to capture the essential outcomes required in this type of research. The type of data collection should